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MoRTH Data · 2024

Road Accidents on National Highways

National highways make up about 2.1% of India's road network and account for 36.6% of its road deaths. In 2024 that meant 64,772 people killed across 1,50,958 accidents. This page sets out the official numbers by road category and by state, and what they say about why highway crashes are so much more lethal than others.

1,50,958

Accidents on NHs

31.0% of all road accidents

64,772

Deaths on NHs

36.6% of all road deaths

1,45,868

People injured

+2.0% over 2023

59,043

Fatal accidents

35.9% of all fatal accidents

Where India's road deaths happen

Every road accident in the country in 2024, split by the category of road it happened on.

Road categoryAccidentsDeathsFatal accidents
National Highways (incl. expressways)1,50,958 (31.0%)64,772 (36.6%)59,043 (35.9%)
State Highways1,03,538 (21.2%)39,277 (22.2%)36,392 (22.1%)
Other roads2,33,211 (47.8%)73,126 (41.3%)68,943 (41.9%)

Read the first row against the third. Other roads — city streets, district and rural roads — carry the overwhelming majority of India's road length and see far more accidents. Yet national highways, at a fraction of the network, produce almost as many deaths. A crash on a highway is simply far more likely to kill someone.

Five-year trend on national highways

Accidents have been broadly flat since 2022 — but deaths have risen every single year.

YearAccidentsDeathsFatal accidents
2020COVID lockdowns1,19,61550,25145,655
20211,28,82556,00750,953
20221,51,99761,03855,571
20231,50,17763,11257,467
20241,50,95864,77259,043

Between 2022 and 2024, accidents on national highways fell very slightly (1,51,997 to 1,50,958) while deaths rose from 61,038 to 64,772. The same number of crashes is killing more people each year — the pattern MoRTH tracks as rising accident severity, which for the country as a whole climbed from 21.6 deaths per 100 accidents in 2005 to 36.3 in 2024.

Top 10 states by deaths on national highways

Share is the state's percentage of all national highway fatalities in India in 2024.

#State20232024Share
1Uttar Pradesh8,4469,56014.8%
2Tamil Nadu6,2586,3769.8%
3Maharashtra5,7805,8129.0%
4Madhya Pradesh4,4764,6447.2%
5Rajasthan4,1724,2856.6%
6Karnataka4,3834,2786.6%
7Andhra Pradesh3,8064,0146.2%
8Bihar4,0784,0126.2%
9Telangana3,0583,0664.7%
10Odisha2,1802,3583.6%

Uttar Pradesh alone accounts for close to one in seven national highway deaths in India, and added more than 1,100 deaths between 2023 and 2024 — by far the largest increase of any state. Karnataka and Bihar were the only states in this list to record a fall.

States with the most national highway accidents

20,672

Tamil Nadu

13.7% of NH accidents

17,113

Uttar Pradesh

11.3% of NH accidents

14,208

Karnataka

9.4% of NH accidents

13,937

Madhya Pradesh

9.2% of NH accidents

11,285

Maharashtra

7.5% of NH accidents

Tamil Nadu has reported the highest number of national highway accidents for seven consecutive years. Note how the two lists differ: Tamil Nadu leads on accidents but is second on deaths, while Uttar Pradesh leads on deaths with fewer accidents — UP's highway crashes are markedly more likely to be fatal.

Why highway crashes kill more

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Speed above all

Overspeeding accounted for 70.3% of all road accident deaths in India in 2024 — 1,24,522 people. Highways are where speed is highest, and crash energy rises with the square of speed.

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Open, unpoliced stretches

54.8% of road deaths occurred in open areas — places with little habitation and, as MoRTH notes, a lower enforcement presence than residential or commercial areas.

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Straight roads, not curves

67.6% of accidents happened on straight roads. Curves, potholes and steep gradients together accounted for 13.8%. The problem is not difficult geometry — it is speed and inattention on easy road.

The protective-equipment gap compounds it. Across all roads in 2024, 54,122 people who died were not wearing a helmet and 14,466 were not wearing a seat belt. Two-wheeler riders alone were 46.2% of all road deaths — and two-wheelers share national highways with traffic moving at twice their speed.

What this means if you drive highways

Treat the posted limit as a ceiling, not a target.

The single largest killer in the data is speed, and it is the one factor entirely within your control. Expressway limits of 120 km/h apply to cars in ideal conditions — not at night, in rain, or in mixed traffic.

Long, easy, straight stretches are the dangerous ones.

Two-thirds of crashes happen on straight roads. Highway monotony degrades attention exactly where speeds are highest. Break long drives; do not push through drowsiness.

Assume no one is coming to help quickly.

More than half of road deaths occur in open areas away from habitation. On a highway, the gap between a crash and medical care is longer — which is part of why the same crash is more often fatal.

Seat belts in the rear are not optional.

Rear seat belts have been legally required since the 2019 amendment, and non-use killed 14,466 people in 2024. At highway speed an unbelted rear passenger is a lethal projectile for those in front.

Keep left unless overtaking.

Wrong-side driving and lane indiscipline killed 8,327 people in 2024. On a divided highway, an overtaking manoeuvre from the wrong lane closes at combined speed.

Explore the highways themselves

Frequently Asked Questions

How many people died on national highways in India in 2024?
64,772 people were killed in road accidents on national highways in 2024, out of 1,77,175 road deaths nationally — 36.6% of the total. There were 1,50,958 accidents on national highways that year, of which 59,043 were fatal. Source: MoRTH, Road Accidents in India 2024.
Why are national highways so much more dangerous than other roads?
National highways are about 2.1% of India's road network but carry a disproportionate share of long-distance and high-speed traffic. Speed is the dominant factor: overspeeding accounted for 70.3% of all road accident deaths in 2024. Highways also run largely through open areas with little enforcement presence — 54.8% of all road deaths occurred in open areas — and 67.6% of accidents happened on straight roads, not curves, which points to speed and inattention rather than difficult road geometry.
Which state has the most national highway deaths?
Uttar Pradesh, with 9,560 deaths on national highways in 2024 — 14.8% of all NH fatalities in the country, and a rise of over 1,100 from 2023. Tamil Nadu follows with 6,376 and Maharashtra with 5,812.
Which state has the most accidents on national highways?
Tamil Nadu, with 20,672 accidents on national highways in 2024 — the seventh consecutive year it has topped this list. Uttar Pradesh (17,113), Karnataka (14,208), Madhya Pradesh (13,937) and Maharashtra (11,285) follow.
Are national highway deaths increasing or decreasing?
Increasing. Deaths on national highways have risen every year since 2020 — from 50,251 in 2020 to 64,772 in 2024. Accidents have been roughly flat since 2022 while deaths have kept climbing, which means crashes on highways are becoming more lethal rather than more frequent.
What share of India's road accidents happen on national highways?
31.0% of accidents, 36.6% of deaths and 35.9% of fatal accidents occurred on national highways in 2024. State highways accounted for a further 21.2% of accidents and 22.2% of deaths, so the two categories of highway together account for over half of India's road deaths.
Is the speed limit on expressways really 120 km/h?
Yes, for M1 category vehicles (cars) on access-controlled expressways, under the MoRTH notification of 6 April 2018. That notification was quashed by the Madras High Court in 2021, but the Supreme Court set the High Court order aside on 30 November 2024, restoring it. Individual expressways and states can and do notify lower limits, and the posted limit on the road always governs.

Source

All accident figures on this page are from the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (Transport Research Wing), Road Accidents in India 2024, released June 2026. Road-category and national highway figures are from Section 2 (Tables 2.3, 2.6 and 2.7); cause, road-feature and neighbourhood figures from Section 3; road-user shares from Section 4. The 2.1% road-network share is the report's own figure.

MoRTH restates earlier years in each edition, so figures here may differ slightly from those published in previous years' reports. The 2024 edition is used throughout for consistency.

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