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Chapter XIII — Offences, Penalties And Procedure

Section 190 — Using vehicle in unsafe condition

Written and checked byManju Shekhar· Motor Law & Compliance· Updated 10 October 2026

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (Act 59 of 1988)

Text of the section

Using vehicle in unsafe condition.—(1) Any person who drives or causes or allows to be driven in any public place a motor vehicle or trailer while the vehicle or trailer has any defect, which such person

Reproduced from the India Code text of the Act. Bracketed superscript numerals are the official footnote markers for earlier amendments.

Amended by the 2019 Amendment Act

In section 190 of the principal Act,— (i) in sub-section (1),— (a) for the words “which may extend to two hundred and fifty rupees”, the words “of one thousand five hundred rupees” shall be substituted; (b) for the words “which may extend to one thousand rupees”, the words “of five thousand rupees” shall be substituted; and (c) after the words "with both", the words “and for a subsequent offence shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with a fine of ten thousand rupees for bodily injury or damage to property” shall be inserted. (ii) in sub-section (2),— (a) for the words “a fine of one thousand rupees”, the words “imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine which may extend to Amendment of section 186. Amendment of section 187. Amendment of section 189. Amendment of section 190. 61 of 1985. 36 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY [PART II— ten thousand rupees or with both and he shall be disqualified for holding licence for a period of three months” shall be substituted; and (b) for the words “a fine of two thousand rupees”, the words “imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees or with both” shall be substituted; (iii) in sub-section (3),— (a) for the words “which may extend to three thousand rupees”, the words “with a fine of ten thousand rupees and he shall be disqualified for holding licence for a period of three months” shall be substituted; and (b) for the words “which may extend to five thousand rupees”, the words “of twenty thousand rupees” shall be substituted. 73. Section 191of the principal Act shall be omitted. 74.

This is the amending instruction from the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 (Act 32 of 2019), quoted verbatim. Read it together with the text above — the consolidated version is the section as it reads once these changes are applied.

Amended by the Jan Vishwas Act, 2026 — in force from 15 August 2026

(Z) In section 190, for sub-sections (1) and (2), the following sub-sections shall be substituted, namely:— “(1) Any person who drives or causes or allows to be driven in any public place a motor vehicle or trailer while the vehicle or trailer has any defect, which such person knows of or could have discovered by the exercise of ordinary care and which is calculated to render the driving of the vehicle a source of danger to persons and vehicles using such place, shall be liable for penalty of five thousand rupees or, if as a result of such defect an accident is caused causing bodily injury or damage to property, with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine of five thousand rupees, or with both; and for a subsequent offence shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with a fine of ten thousand rupees, for bodily injury or damage to property. (2) Any person who drives or causes or allows to be driven, in any public place a motor vehicle, which violates the standards prescribed,— (i) in relation to road safety or control of air-pollution, shall be liable for the first contravention with penalty which may extend to ten thousand rupees and he shall be disqualified for holding licence for a period of three months and for any second or subsequent offence with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees, or with both; or (ii) in relation to noise pollution, shall for the first contravention be issued a warning recorded in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government, and for any second or subsequent contravention with penalty which may extend to ten thousand rupees.”.

Amending instruction from the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2026 (No. 8 of 2026), Schedule entry 51, quoted verbatim. It took effect for the Motor Vehicles Act on 15 August 2026 under S.O. 4100(E), 24 July 2026. Where it conflicts with the text above, this later change prevails.

Before you rely on this. The base text above is the Act as consolidated by the India Code, which predates the 2019 amendment; 2019 and 2026 changes are shown separately rather than merged in. Later amendments may also apply. For anything official, read the current text on the e-Gazette or the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways site.

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